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Según la autora, la prueba preconstituida consistente en una declaración de la niña grabada en vídeo y visionada en el acto del juicio era la única posibilidad de reproducir las declaraciones de la menor y, en consecuencia, debía de haber adquirido un valor fundamental.
According to the author, the preconstituted evidence consisting of a video-recorded statement by the child that had been viewed during the proceedings was the only possible means of reproducing the minor's statements and should therefore have been recognized as a key item of evidence.
Se condiciona la validez - como prueba de cargo preconstituida - de las declaraciones prestadas en fase sumarial, al cumplimiento de una serie de requisitos: a) materiales - que exista una causa legítima que impida reproducir la declaración en el juicio oral; b) subjetivos - la necesaria intervención del Juez de Instrucción; c) objetivos - que se garantice la posibilidad de contradicción, para lo cual ha de haber sido convocado el Abogado del imputado, a fin de que pueda participar en el interrogatorio sumarial del testigo; y d) formales - la introducción del contenido de la declaración sumarial a través de la lectura del acta en que se documenta, conforme a lo ordenado por el artículo 730 Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal (en adelante LECrim), o a través de los interrogatorios, lo que posibilita que su contenido acceda al debate procesal público y se someta a confrontación con las demás declaraciones de quienes sí intervinieron en el juicio oral.
Statements made in this investigative phase are valid as preconstituted evidence if a number of requirements are fulfilled: (a) material requirements - there must be a legitimate reason preventing the statement from being reproduced orally at the hearing; (b) subjective requirements - the investigating judge has to intervene; (c) objective requirements - the possibility of challenging the statement must be ensured, to which end the accused person's lawyer must have been summoned to participate in the preliminary examination of the witness; and (d) formal requirements - the inclusion of content from the initial statement either by means of a reading of the record where it is contained, in accordance with the provisions of article 730 of the Criminal Procedure Act, or through cross-examination, by which means the content can be included in the public proceedings and challenged along with statements made by persons actually present at the oral proceedings.
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